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Author Topic: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION  (Read 3567171 times)

Magluvin

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #255 on: September 19, 2010, 02:37:24 AM »
ok   here is some items that can be had for this experiment.  A 2mh coil made of 16awg wire that came from mid 80s passive sub cross-over supplies, and I have 16 560nf 1kv caps that I can arrange up to 8kv at 560nf or a few other values to work in the range of the circuit I posted last.   
The key is to be able to discharge the cap into the coil with an electronic cutoff when the cap reaches 0v, or the cap will start charging the other direction and if released at other than 0v the oscillation voltage will suffer.
I have some ideas i will try electronically. Tesla used motorized rotational switching that was tuned for what he needed and could produce even a rectifying effect from it.

Mags


forest

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #256 on: September 19, 2010, 11:59:48 AM »
yep,the key is how fast you make magnetic field around and how fast it collapse (in other ways how fast you cut off powering source)

Magluvin

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #257 on: September 20, 2010, 02:08:21 AM »
I was just investigating some materials on microwave oven circuitry and operation. I saved a transformer, a diode, and a cap from a scrapped unit and just wondered exactly what goes on in there. And also what can I do with these parts and what they can do for me. 
I found a very interesting description of the transformers they use and why there is a gap in the center core.

Here is the description  and I found it here   http://repairfaq.ece.drexel.edu/sam/micfaq.htm#micwdmleak

High voltage transformer
(From: John De Armond.)

The transformer goes by several names, depending on where you are. Variable reluctance, leakage flux, stray flux, etc. It is exactly the same construction and operating principle as a neon transformer, some kinds of HID light ballasts and some series streetlight constant current transformers.

The core is an almost standard "E" core (or "H" core if you prefer) with one exception. The center leg has an air gap. The windings are on the end legs of the "E" instead of the center leg.

There are two magnetic paths around the core for the field set up by the primary to travel. Around the periphery and across the secondary and around the center leg and across the air gap. The field that travels along the center leg does not cross the secondary and induces no voltage.

With no load applied, the bulk of the field travels the peripheral, very much lower reluctance solid iron path, inducing full secondary voltage proportional to the turns ratio. As current flows in the secondary, counter-MMF raises the reluctance of the peripheral path so that some of the flux travels through the center leg. With less flux traveling around the periphery and cutting across the secondary, the secondary voltage drops as the current remains about the same. At the limit, if the secondary is shorted, the peripheral path has so much reluctance that most of the flux travels the center leg and across the air gap. The same current as before flows through the secondary but at zero volts.

When the dimensions of the core and gap are set up correctly, the transformer behaves as an almost perfect constant current device. That is, the secondary voltage varies as necessary to keep the same current flowing through a varying load. Just what the doctor ordered to keep the magnetron happy.

The secondary current can be increased by opening up the air gap. This raises the reluctance of that path and forces more field through the secondary leg. Closing the gap has the opposite effect.

The center leg is often called the magnetic shunt and frequently it is a separate piece of laminated iron stuck between the coils and TIG welded in place. It is a common trick for Tesla Coilers to open up a neon transformer and either knock out the shunt entirely or grind it down to open the air gap. This modification causes the transformer to output much more current than it is designed for - for a little while, at least :-) The same thing works with microwave oven transformers (MOT).

This design in a microwave oven is a vital part of keeping the magnetron anode current within spec. The magnetron is electrically a diode. A diode that isn't emission-limited would draw destructive current if not externally limited. With this design, the filament can be heated good and hot for long life and not have the tube run away. The design also is vital for protecting the magnetron from potentially damaging conditions such as operating the oven empty, arcing, etc.

It's popular to use several MOTs to build an arc welder. This works quite well specifically because these transformers are constant-current devices - exactly the characteristic stick welding needs. If they were conventional transformers, the first time the rod touched the work and shorted the secondary, fault current would flow and the breaker would trip or blue smoke would leak out.

Along similar lines, one can cut off the high voltage secondary and replace it with a suitable number of turns of heavy wire, connect a bridge rectifier and have a nice constant current battery charger. Select the turns carefully and it'll do the bulk/absorption stages of the smart 3 stage charging algorithm.



Mags

Magluvin

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #258 on: September 20, 2010, 03:41:21 AM »
Correction in the above picture,   the caps are 560pf 1kv     

Mags

void109

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #259 on: September 20, 2010, 09:19:26 AM »
I was playing with the circuit sim today after reading your posts here.  It seems not-too-difficult to get seeming OU configurations of RLC circuits using it.  Is this maybe just a flaw with the sim?

This one appears to take 1W in for 5W out: (attached txt file for the falstad circuit sim)

Magluvin

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #260 on: September 20, 2010, 01:05:29 PM »
Hey Void

Flaws, yeah there can be and some bugs happen in unusual situations with configurations.

For 1, we only have a few parameters in inductors and transformers.   For example, a 2mh inductor on the sim, is it actually .42ohm like mine? 
Can All 2mh coils handle the powers that can be had in the sim?  Probably not

But this guy Falstad is pretty good at this programming stuff it would seem.  And for many of the circuits that the program was designed to do, I would have to say that it is in the ballpark. 
I ran a real test on the cap charge circuit in the first large circuit with all the loads in parallel, and the charge circuit works. It charges the cap to nearly twice the source. So if these functions of the inductor are correct, or even close, then I would venture to say that the function of the lrc is close also.
In fact the first circuit the prog starts with is an LRC and the voltage of the oscillator, from a source of 5v is over 10v. 

Im looking into other sims to see a comparison.

Thanks for checking this out Void.   I know many have doubts.  Its very understandable. In fact this is probably a bit taboo.   I just hope it sinks in to many that havnt experienced these things yet, and it is such common stuff.

I am working on an addition to the circuit that stops the cap discharge at near zero. If you put a diode across the discharge cap, in a way that the source doesnt conduct through it while charging the cap, when you hold the discharge switch, the discharge will stop .8v past zero. If the source voltage is high enough, .8v is a tiny sacrifice for some good accuracy.  But what I want is for the switch or mosfet/mosfet bank, to turn off at the zero point. 
If we release the switch and anything other than zero, the output suffers its full possibilities, but also if the switch is released before the first zero crossing, what ever is left, the source does not have to produce as much to get a full charge. So there is a possibility for some circuit control and regulation here to come up with.

Im kinda into small power at this time.  The big can come later as I get the feel for all this myself.

Mags



Magluvin

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #261 on: September 20, 2010, 01:31:23 PM »
Also Void and All

I had shown a circuit code above with the comparison of in and out power. I chose the 2ohm resistors in order to try and show equal loads for power measurements to be clear.  It is possible that if I used .2ohm resistors, that the power consumed by the resistor alone, may not be the total power in the lrc as a whole.   Point being, the 2ohm resistors are most likely the weak link.   Otherwise, we need to measure all components to see what the total power dissipated on each side, in/out, really is as a whole.   If the resistor is very low, its power dissipation will be very low due to low voltage across it, so now wee would need to see the power dissipated into the inductor to get a true circuit potential.

If we have 2 100 w bulbs in series, on 110v, then each would get 25w and the total would be 50w dissipated.
If we have a 500w bulb in series with a 100w bulb, the 500w may not even light up, but the 100w may be near to full power.  But just the measurement of the 100w bulb will not give the total power consumed, so what ever the 500w bulb is consuming, should be added to the 100w as a whole.   But the 100w should give a pretty good indication of high majority of power consumed as the 500w filament will be at much lower ohms than the 100w when full current is running and the 100w is hot and high.

Mags

void109

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #262 on: September 20, 2010, 06:27:49 PM »
Mags,  thanks for taking the time to post your findings, its always a pleasure to read.

I agree the guy at falstad is definately pro (I'm a developer myself, and the guy has large math/engineering skills).

I tried altering your design in a few ways to automatically shut off current flow at 0 volts as well, with no success, I tried it using diodes as well as a combination of 555 timers and mosfets and transistors - with no luck - the problem I was having is the cutoff time was just too long.  In order to get the ringing in the RLC output portion of the circuit, it apparently needs to be an almost instant cutoff.

Thanks much

Magluvin

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #263 on: September 20, 2010, 07:03:23 PM »
Hey Void
The diode is a ruff way of doing it, It does the cutoff near zero, but the switch still needs to be opened on or near that time also.
Im thinking what we need is a comparator circuit that measures the caps voltage discharge and use it for a trigger to cut the switch(mosfet, etc)  It all has to be quick. But with what we have to work with today, I think we can gitter done.

The basics of the so called amplification is here. I say so called due to it is the end result, but not conventional for most.  Now the switching needs work. And now that I get the feel of the lrc, how it works, and the required switching, The switching does not seem that hard to do after all.

Some say the mosfets wont do what Teslas did exactly, but it will work.  Lets say that a mos transistor doesnt have quite the on resistance or timing we are looking for, so what, if the input suffers a tiny bit, the output will suffer a tiny bit, but the power ratio should be similar. And the sim is showing we can get some amplification at lower voltages and freq also, and thats what I am going for.

Cold electricity is cool, lol, but I cannot say that is what we have here. Yet anyway.  Just inductors with inertial effects and caps that tune the bounce in the circuit.  Basics.

As I come up with the switching circuits I will upload the codes.   Ill send the diode on the cap tonight to demonstrate that its function is desirable here, and then work on the How To Switch  it circuit.

Thanks for giving it a shot, I could use a another good mind to help me out. =]

BBL

Mags

gsmsslsb

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #264 on: September 20, 2010, 11:08:58 PM »
Hello Mags and all
If you want switching at zero have you considered an SCR.
Just a thought
GSM

forest

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #265 on: September 20, 2010, 11:21:48 PM »
Mags

Mosfets are so made they won't work of smoke immediately in case of any energy gain

Magluvin

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #266 on: September 20, 2010, 11:56:10 PM »
Hey Forest
I have worked on some high end car audio amps that use mosfets in a push/pull situation.   When the amp is not drawing from the power supply, the bemf voltages can hard hit the mosfets with fairly high voltages.
Some mosfets have internal diodes. But these can be strengthened by additional external diodes.

Lets say we put a diode in series with the mosfet output or leg, and this would help contain the currents to the lrc by not allowing any back at the fet.   Sound good?    Diodes are sweet things. I would not worry about a .7v drop on the input, even at 50v or 100v.   This stuff is just pouring out of me, I dont know where I get it all from.

But im seeing that maybe the LRC may just absorb a great bit of it. I dunno, but if I fry some, we can make a soup with them.  LOL  yucky.   

But good thoughts. And I just came up with the diode after the fet just now as you presented the possible problem. Keep em coming.  ;]

I will work on these problems tonight, and I think you will be impressed at what the diode on the input cap does for us. I think it will be part of the cutoff circuit as a whole.   But if it is not necessary, possibly an op amp comparator to choose the time of cutoff when the discharge cap gets really low or close to zero. Then use an inline diode to protect the mosfet/fets.

I hope that all makes sense.   

I really want to try and make this work as well as possible before I build. I believe in the function of the lrc, but I need to get the switching down pat to make it happen, and in hopefully in a safe manor.

Mags

void109

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #267 on: September 21, 2010, 12:04:06 AM »
Maybe we just werent looking close enough.   I took a screenshot of my desktop, zoomed in on the input and output power traces and used photoshop to stack them.  I also decreased the time step so we could get a close look at the waveform of the output.

It looks like while I'm getting 2.5KW on output, with 1.25KW on input, the output is in the form of a damped oscillation(I think that's the right word), so half of the apparent power isnt power.  Which incidentally also points that if you discharge the cap at optimal (0 volts) you get roughly twice the power out.  If I'm interpreting that correctly, still new to the solid state area :)

Magluvin

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #268 on: September 21, 2010, 01:17:24 AM »
Very interesting Void. You might be right. Good work.
So we have to aim a bit higher I suppose in order to change that ratio to 4 times the input as seems apparent in my first circuit that it is beyond 4x.   I will look closer at these points you have made from here on.   

And what you have found is good work. It may be depressing if what you found is all we are getting, no matter what level of play.
It is wattage/time that will account for everything.

My screen is 1440x900 and I didnt see the oscillation, yet I should have probably knew it was there due to the filled in look of the output compared to the in. My discrepancy

Anyway, I am gunna get to it after I eat dinner.  Im hungry.     I am going to still work on the switching while I have the ideas in my head.

Also remember that we are charging the cap in a less efficient manor according to Teslas Igniter description. We are just simply dumping the source into the cap. So maybe with his circuit involved, we can lower our input power quite a bit in our favor, while maintaining the same output. =]

Thanks Void

Mags


void109

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Re: ENERGY AMPLIFICATION
« Reply #269 on: September 21, 2010, 08:48:00 PM »
Ya, I did the exact same thing - I was elated to see the simulated results, and yet something was nagging in the back of my mind regarding the fact that the output was a solid color...  More than resolution of your desktop, make sure you change the timestep of the scope in the circuit sim to see the actual output at a resolution you can interpret - its under Options -> Other Options -> Time Step Size.  I just reduced it by a power of 10 and was able to see the damped oscillation.

I think I've been interested in OU research for almost a year now.  I'm becoming accustomed to disappointment!  But it's not a bad thing, I don't believe.  While the knowledge I am gaining is showing me that most of what is presented that looks promising is either due to measurement errors, poor research or even disinformation distractions, it is also securing a tenuous opinion that we have taken a wrong step (or several) over the last century with regard to our understanding of physics.  Perhaps even misled, which sometimes seems far more likely.  But if we can recognize this misstep, we can correct it, and I am more convinced today than I was initially that there is an answer waiting to be discovered.